Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases that affects how your body uses glucose (Blood Sugar). 

Diabetes’ underlying causes vary depending on the type. Sugar in excess can cause serious health problems. 

Prediabetes is a condition in which your blood sugar levels are elevated above average but not high enough for you to be diagnosed with diabetes. 

If appropriate steps are not taken to stop the progression of prediabetes, it can often be a precursor to diabetes. Gestational diabetes can occur during pregnancy, but it may resolve after delivery. 

What are the Different Types of Diabetes

Diabetes is a set of illnesses that cause the body not to make enough insulin. If any of these occurs, the body cannot transfer sugar from the blood into cells. This results in high concentrations of blood sugar. 

The sugar found in your blood is among the primary sources of energy. An inability to use insulin or insulin resistance causes sugar to accumulate inside your blood. This can cause a variety of health issues. 

The three most common kinds that are affected by diabetes include:

• Type 1 Diabetes
• Gestational diabetes
• Type 2 Diabetes

What are the Signs and Symptoms of Diabetes?

General Signs of diabetes comprise:

• Drowsiness and fatigue
• Frequent urination
• Excess of hunger
• Fuzzy vision
• Slow-healing wounds. 
• Skin becomes dry and sensitive

Type 2 diabetes may cause dark spots in skin folds around the neck and armpits. Because type 2 diabetes typically takes longer to be diagnosed, there are signs that include numbness, pain, or discomfort in your feet. 

Type 1 diabetes tends to develop faster and may cause symptoms such as weight loss or a condition known as ketoacidosis in people with diabetes. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a condition that occurs when you have extremely high blood sugars, but there isn’t much or any insulin in your body. 

Signs and symptoms of both kinds of diabetes can manifest at any time. However, type 1 symptoms are generally seen in young people and children. Type 2 is a condition that affects people who are over 45.

However, younger individuals are more frequently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes because they live in a passive environment and increase in weight. 

How to Treat the Different Types of Diabetes?

Whatever kind of diabetes you suffer from, it is essential to work closely with your doctor to maintain control.

The most crucial objective is to maintain the blood glucose levels within the desired range. Your physician will let you know what your ideal content is. The targets vary based on the type of diabetes, age, and the risk of complications. 

If you have gestational diabetes, your blood sugar targets are lower than those who have other forms of diabetes. However, physical activity is a crucial aspect of managing diabetes. 

Consult your doctor about how many hours per week you can dedicate to aerobic exercises. You’ll also have to be aware of your cholesterol and blood pressure. 

Type 1 Diabetes Treatment:

All patients suffering from type 1 diabetes should be on insulin for their lives as damage to the pancreas can be permanent. There is a variety of insulin that are available, with different timings of peak, onset, and duration. 

Insulin is injected directly beneath the skin. The doctor will instruct you on how to inject correctly and rotate the injection locations. There is also an insulin pump. This is a device that is worn outside of your body that is programmed with a certain dosage. 

It is now possible to use constant blood glucose monitoring devices which monitor your blood sugar throughout the day.

You’ll have to keep an eye on how your sugar levels are fluctuating throughout the day. If needed, you may be required to take medications to manage cholesterol and blood pressure or any other issues. 

Type 2 Diabetes Treatment:

Type 2 diabetes can be controlled by exercise and diet and is also managed with a range of medicines to control blood sugar. The most effective medication for treating type 2 diabetes is metformin (Glumetza, Glucophage, foramen, Riomet). 

The drug can help your body utilize insulin more efficiently. If metformin does not work the way you want,  your doctor may suggest additional medications or even try other options. 

You’ll need to be aware of the levels of your blood sugar. There may be a need for medication to lower cholesterol and blood pressure.